The term massage therapy (also called massage, for short; massage also refers to an individual treatment session) covers a group of practices and techniques. There are over 80 types of massage therapy. In all of them, therapists press, rub, and otherwise manipulate the muscles and other soft tissues of the body, often varying pressure and movement. They most often use their hands and fingers, but may use their forearms, elbows, or feet. Typically, the intent is to relax the soft tissues, increase delivery of blood and oxygen to the massaged areas, warm them, and decrease pain.
Massage therapy dates back thousands of years. References to massage have been found in ancient writings from many cultures, including those of Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, Japan, China, Egypt, and the Indian subcontinent. In the United States, massage therapy first became popular and was promoted for a variety of health purposes starting in the mid-1800s. In the 1930s and 1940s, however, massage fell out of favor, mostly because of scientific and technological advances in medical treatments. Interest in massage revived in the 1970s, especially among athletes.
More recently, a 2002 national survey on Americans' use of CAM (published in 2004) found that 5 percent of the 31,000 participants had used massage therapy in the preceding 12 months, and 9.3 percent had ever used it. According to recent reviews, people use massage for a wide variety of health-related intents: for example, to relieve pain (often from musculoskeletal conditions, but from other conditions as well); rehabilitate sports injuries; reduce stress; increase relaxation; address feelings of anxiety and depression; and aid general wellness.
Massage therapy appears to have few serious risks if appropriate cautions are followed. A very small number of serious injuries have been reported, and they appear to have occurred mostly because cautions were not followed or a massage was given by a person who was not properly trained. Health care providers recommend that patients not have massage therapy before they consult their doctors about their own health conditions.
Scientists are studying massage to understand what effects massage therapy has on patients, how it has those effects, and why. Some aspects of this are better understood than others. There are many more aspects that are not yet known or well understood scientifically. More well-designed studies are needed to understand and confirm these theories and other scientific aspects of massage.
1）. Which one of the following statements about massage is NOT correct according to the passage?
A. Many different practices and techniques can all be called massage
B. Soft tissues of the body are usually the target of massage
C. Hands and fingers aide the only body parts that therapists use when practicing massage
D. Massage can do much more than just providing relaxation
正確答案：C
答案解析：細節題；需要我們進行反向選擇，A選項的意思在原文中有“…covers a group of practices and techniques”作為支持。B選項和原文的“…manipulate the muscles and other soft tissues of the body”所表達的意思一致。C選項和原文中“…but may use their forearms，elbows，or feet”有沖突，所以C選項是我們需要選擇的。D選項中的“much more”有原文的“…increase delivery of blood and oxygen to the massaged areas，warm them，and decrease pain”作為佐證。
2）. Which one of the following statements is true about the history of massage?
A. It has a history of about several hundred year
B. It is only found in ancient Asia countries like China and Japan
C. It lost its popularity after 1970s because of medical advance
D. It had twists and turns in its development in
正確答案：D
答案解析：細節題；題目中的定位詞history告訴我們解答這個題目需要的信息出現在原文的第二段。A選項和原文的“Massage therapy dates back thousands of years”有沖突。B選項和原文的“including those of Ancient Greece，Ancient Rome”表達的意思不一致。C選項的“lost its popularity”和原文的“fell out of favor”為同義表達，而其中的“1970s”卻和原文的“In the 1930s and 1940s”不一致。D選項對于按摩療法在美國發展給出的總結是正確的，為正確答案。
3）. In the survey mentioned in paragraph 3, we know that 9.3 percent of the participants ______.
A. used massage therapy in 2002
B. used massage therapy in 2004
C. had used massage therapy at least once
D. used massage therapy in 2001
正確答案：C
答案解析：細節題；定位詞為“9.3 percent”，而題目也直接指向了原文的第三段。這里的“9.3 percent had ever used it”正是我們需要的答案，所以C選項是正確選項。其他幾個選項均出自這個段落，所以對信息的準確定位對于我們辨別干擾選項會起到很好的鋪墊作用。
4）. Paragraph 4 is mainly concerned about ______.
A. side effects and risks of massage therapy
B. safety of massage therapy
C. cautions that the therapists need to follow
D. the training processes of a qualified therapists
正確答案：A
答案解析：段落主旨題；第四段主要圍繞的問題是在進行按摩療法的時候可能會遇到的一些問題，比如“serious injuries have been reported”、“Health care providers recommend that patients not have massage therapy before they consult their doctors”，結合4個選項，A選項所說的“按摩療法的副作用和風險”是對這一段落最好的概括，是我們需要的正確答案。
5）. From the passage, we know that the study of massage ______.
A. have not got started yet
B. needs more research on therapy practice
C. cannot explain therapy practice at all
D. can provide full explanations for therapy practice
正確答案：B
答案解析：細節題；結合前面4個題目對原文的分析，我們可以看到，這個題目很有可能對應著原文的最后一段，我們在最后一段中尋找關于對按摩療法進行研究的相關信息。我們可以找到“There are many more aspects that are not yet known or well understood scientifically”這樣的表達，也就是說盡管按摩療法本身是很古老的，但是對它所進行的研究卻是剛開始，還有很多不能解釋的地方。所以比較4個選項，A、C和D選項的表述都過于絕對，不符合原文所表達的意思。B選項則符合原文的說法，是正確選項。
4.
It's never too early or too late for a parent to become a teacher. In this age of teacher accountability, endless school testing, increased pressure and competition, and the proliferation of "educational" toys, too many people forget that success begins at home.
Freeman A. Hrabowski Ⅲ, president of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, and co-author of Beating the Odds: Raising Academically Successful African American Males and Overcoming the Odds: Raising Academically Successful African American Young Women, says that in the interviews he and his co-authors conducted, the overwhelming factor in their children's academic achievement was that parents inspired and envisioned their children's success. They thought and talked about what would be required to have a .successful child.
It just makes such a difference when there's someone in that house working to relate to that child and inspire that child," Hrabowski says. "These parents (of the high achievers discussed) are really inspirational in their commitment to their children."
Professor Barbara T. Bowman, one of the faculty founders of Chicago's Erikson Institute, an independent institution of higher education that prepares child development professionals for leader- ship, says that Black children must learn in two different cultures-the African-American culture in which they live and the mainstream culture on which school and education are based.
Bowman also says the relationship between children and their parents is critical. "It is the early responsiveness of the caregiver to the infant's behavior that creates a sense of well-being and optimism that affects the child's interest in learning," says Bowman, who served as president of the institute from 1994 to last year. "Children who like and want to please the adult learn better what the adult wants them to learn."
In this day of highly competitive testing and the stress of getting high SAT or ACT scores, it's important also to avoid pressuring or overexposing your child. Your son or daughter is probably already facing stress at school and on the playground. Your role is to help him or her relieve and manage that stress. Help them to understand that life does not end or begin with a test. And while academic success is important, it's also important to keep everything in perspective. Failure is a relative term in the grand scheme of things. If your child did poorly on a test, but answered a particularly tough question correctly, stress the positive. On the other hand, if schoolwork comes too easily to your child, find other ways to challenge him or her so they understand that life won't always be that way.
1）. According to the author, the parents of high achievers are usually ______.
A. successful themselves
B. teachers
C. inspirational
D. working hard
正確答案：C
答案解析：細節題；本題的關鍵定位詞是the high achievers，在原文的第二段我們可以找到相關信息，而閱讀原文相關內容，我們可以找到“These parents(of the high achievers discussed) are really inspirational”這樣的描述，也就是說C選項是正確選項。誤選B選項的考生可能是對文章第一句話的理解出現了偏差。其實，結合全文來看，文章是在講述家庭教育對于孩子在學術上取得成功的重大作用，所以文章第一句話所說的teacher其實是在強調家庭教育的重要作用，并不是說真的需要父母去做老師才能培養出成功的孩子。而A選項和D選項則在原文中找不到相應的信息，屬于比較容易排除的干擾選項。
2）. It can be inferred from the passage that the African-American culture is ______.
A. an important part of the mainstream culture
B. the base of the mainstream culture
C. different in many ways from the mainstream culture
D. dependant on the mainstream culture
正確答案：C
答案解析：細節題；題目中的關鍵定位詞是African-American culture，借助這個關鍵詞我們可以在原文的第三段找到相關的信息。原文對于非裔美國人的文化和美國社會的主流文化使用了“two different cultures”這樣的表達來定位。所以結合4個選項，C選項的表述符合原文的意思。A、B和D三個選項都把兩者看作一種依賴關系，誤選的考生很有可能是對原文中“the mainstream culture on which school and education are based”這句話的理解不夠準確。提醒這些考生在備考的過程中要注意多分析真題和模擬題中的長難句，提高自己理解的準確度。
3）. Whether a child is interested in learning depends on ______.
A. the content the adult wants the children to learn
B. how pleased the parents are when the children are learning
C. the feedback the parents give to children at an early age
D. the physical health of the children
正確答案：C
答案解析：細節題；題目中的關鍵定位詞是interested in learning，在原文中我們可以定位到原文的第四段。通過對原文的相關信息“It is the early responsiveness of the caregiver to the infant's behavior that creates a sense of well-being and optimism that affects the child's interest in learning”的分析，我們知道我們需要的答案就是這個強調句中被強調的部分，也就是responsiveness這個核心詞，即父母在孩子早期對于孩子的行為所給予的反饋。在4個選項中，C選項所表述的feedback和原文的信息是一致的，是我們需要的正確答案。A選項來自原文第四段的最后一句話，B選項和D選項是對原文中的“please”和“well-being”兩個詞的曲解。
4）. The suggestion given in the last paragraph is ______.
A. to emphasize the importance of success for children
B. to avoid pressuring the children too much
C. to challenge the children as much as possible
D. to use the positive effect of pressure
正確答案：B
答案解析：段落主旨題；題目明確指向最后一段，要求我們對最后一段給出的建議進行歸納。在段落的第一句話就出現了對于建議的歸納，“avoid pressuring or overexposing your child”就是這個段落圍繞的中心。誤選B選項的考生對于“while academic success is important，it's also important to…”這樣的表達的誤解，這樣的讓步從句要表達的重點內容在后面，而不是while所帶的部分。C選項把原文的“if schoolwork comes too easily to your child, find other ways to challenge him or her”這樣的意思擴大了范圍，選項中“as much as possible”的表述是不準確的。D選項對于原文“stress the positive”所表達的“要強調積極的一面”這樣的含義進行了曲解。
5）. Which one of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. How to raise a high-achieving child
B. Successful students whose parents are teachers
C. Key factors for children's success
D. Motivation and challenge: what do children need most?
正確答案：A
答案解析：標題題，主旨題的一種變形的呈現方式；結合我們對文章的理解和前面4個問題的解答，我們已經基本可以確定，這篇文章主要討論的是家庭教育對于孩子成功的影響及其重要作用。比較閱讀4個選項，我們可以看到，A選項和原文的主旨是最貼切的，也就是我們需要的最佳標題。B選項的錯誤和第一個題目中一樣是對原文第一句話的誤解，同時也偏離了文章中心。C選項過于寬泛，這篇文章只是集中關注在促進孩子成功的因素構成中，家庭教育的重要作用，而C選項的key factors這樣的表達對于文章來說是一種“大帽子，小身子”的標題，需要排除。D選項和C選項對應屬于對于“大身子”的文章主體給出的“小帽子”的標題，也是需要排除的。